ip-link(8)

NAME#

ip-link - network device configuration

SYNOPSIS#

ip link { COMMAND | help }

ip link add [ linkDEVICE ] [ name ] NAME [ txqueuelenPACKETS ] [ addressLLADDR ] [ broadcastLLADDR ] [ mtuMTU ] [ indexIDX ] [ numtxqueuesQUEUE_COUNT ] [ numrxqueuesQUEUE_COUNT ] [ gso_max_sizeBYTES ] [ gso_ipv4_max_sizeBYTES ] [ gso_max_segsSEGMENTS ] [ gro_max_sizeBYTES ] [ gro_ipv4_max_sizeBYTES ] [ netns { PID | NETNSNAME | NETNSFILE } ] typeTYPE [ ARGS ]

ip link delete{ DEVICE | groupGROUP } typeTYPE [ ARGS ]

ip link { set | change } {DEVICE | groupGROUP } [ { up | down } ] [ typeETYPE TYPE_ARGS ] [ arp { on | off } ] [ dynamic { on | off } ] [ multicast { on | off } ] [ allmulticast { on | off } ] [ promisc { on | off } ] [ protodown { on | off } ] [ protodown_reasonPREASON { on | off } ] [ trailers { on | off } ] [ txqueuelenPACKETS ] [ gso_max_sizeBYTES ] [ gso_ipv4_max_sizeBYTES ] [ gso_max_segsSEGMENTS ] [ gro_max_sizeBYTES ] [ gro_ipv4_max_sizeBYTES ] [ nameNEWNAME ] [ addressLLADDR ] [ broadcastLLADDR ] [ mtuMTU ] [ netns { PID | NETNSNAME | NETNSFILE } ] [ link-netnsidID ] [ aliasNAME ] [ vfNUM [ macLLADDR ] [ VFVLAN-LIST ] [ rateTXRATE ] [ max_tx_rateTXRATE ] [ min_tx_rateTXRATE ] [ spoofchk { on | off } ] [ query_rss { on | off } ] [ state { auto | enable | disable } ] [ trust { on | off } ] [ node_guid eui64 ] [ port_guid eui64 ] ] [ { xdp | xdpgeneric | xdpdrv | xdpoffload } { off | objectFILE [ { section | program } NAME ] [ verbose ] | pinnedFILE } ] [ masterDEVICE ] [ nomaster ] [ vrfNAME ] [ addrgenmode { eui64 | none | stable_secret | random } ] [ macaddr [ MACADDR ] [ { flush | add | del } MACADDR ] [ setMACADDR ] ]

ip link show [ DEVICE | groupGROUP ] [ { up | down } ] [ masterDEVICE ] [ typeETYPE ] [ vrfNAME ] [ nomaster ] [ novf ]

ip link xstatstypeTYPE [ ARGS ]

ip link afstats [ devDEVICE ]

ip link help [ TYPE ]

TYPE := [ amt | bareudp | bond | bridge | can | dsa | dummy | erspan | geneve | gre | gretap | gtp | hsr | ifb | ip6erspan | ip6gre | ip6gretap | ip6tnl | ipip | ipoib | ipvlan | ipvtap | lowpan | macsec | macvlan | macvtap | netdevsim | netkit | nlmon | pfcp | rmnet | sit | vcan | veth | virt_wifi | vlan | vrf | vti | vxcan | vxlan | xfrm ]

ETYPE := [ TYPE | bridge_slave | bond_slave ]

VFVLAN-LIST := [ VFVLAN-LIST ] VFVLAN

VFVLAN := [ vlanVLANID [ qosVLAN-QOS ] [ protoVLAN-PROTO ] ]

ip link property add devDEVICE [ altnameNAME .. ]

ip link property del devDEVICE [ altnameNAME .. ]

DESCRIPTION#

ip link add - add virtual link#

linkDEVICE

NAME specifies the name of the new virtual device.

TYPE specifies the type of the new device.

Link types:

amt - Automatic Multicast Tunneling (AMT)

bareudp - Bare UDP L3 encapsulation support

bond - Bonding device

bridge - Ethernet Bridge device

can - Controller Area Network

dsa - Distributed Switch Architecture

dummy - Dummy network interface

erspan - Encapsulated Remote SPAN over GRE and IPv4

geneve - GEneric NEtwork Virtualization Encapsulation

gre - Virtual tunnel interface GRE over IPv4

gretap - Virtual L2 tunnel interface GRE over IPv4

gtp - GPRS Tunneling Protocol

hsr - High-availability Seamless Redundancy device

ifb - Intermediate Functional Block device

ip6erspan - Encapsulated Remote SPAN over GRE and IPv6

ip6gre - Virtual tunnel interface GRE over IPv6

ip6gretap - Virtual L2 tunnel interface GRE over IPv6

ip6tnl - Virtual tunnel interface IPv4|IPv6 over IPv6

ipip - Virtual tunnel interface IPv4 over IPv4

ipoib - IP over Infiniband device

ipvlan - Interface for L3 (IPv6/IPv4) based VLANs

ipvtap - Interface for L3 (IPv6/IPv4) based VLANs and TAP

lowpan - Interface for 6LoWPAN (IPv6) over IEEE 802.15.4 / Bluetooth

macsec - Interface for IEEE 802.1AE MAC Security (MACsec)

macvlan - Virtual interface base on link layer address (MAC)

macvtap - Virtual interface based on link layer address (MAC) and TAP.

netdevsim - Interface for netdev API tests

netkit - BPF-programmable network device

nlmon - Netlink monitoring device

pfcp - Packet Forwarding Control Protocol device

rmnet - Qualcomm rmnet device

sit - Virtual tunnel interface IPv6 over IPv4

vcan - Virtual Controller Area Network interface

veth - Virtual ethernet interface

virt_wifi - rtnetlink wifi simulation device

vlan - 802.1q tagged virtual LAN interface

vrf - Interface for L3 VRF domains

vti - Virtual tunnel interface

vxcan - Virtual Controller Area Network tunnel interface

vxlan - Virtual eXtended LAN

xfrm - Virtual xfrm interface

numtxqueuesQUEUE_COUNT

specifies the number of transmit queues for new device.

numrxqueuesQUEUE_COUNT

specifies the number of receive queues for new device.

gso_max_sizeBYTES

specifies the recommended maximum size of a Generic Segment Offload packet the new device should accept. This is also used to enable BIG TCP for IPv6 on this device when the size is greater than 65536.

gso_ipv4_max_sizeBYTES

specifies the recommended maximum size of a IPv4 Generic Segment Offload packet the new device should accept. This is especially used to enable BIG TCP for IPv4 on this device by setting to a size greater than 65536. Note that gso_max_size needs to be set to a size greater than or equal to gso_ipv4_max_size to really enable BIG TCP for IPv4.

gso_max_segsSEGMENTS

specifies the recommended maximum number of a Generic Segment Offload segments the new device should accept.

gro_max_sizeBYTES

specifies the maximum size of a packet built by GRO stack on this device. This is also used for BIG TCP to allow the size of a merged IPv6 GSO packet on this device greater than 65536.

gro_ipv4_max_sizeBYTES

specifies the maximum size of a IPv4 packet built by GRO stack on this device. This is especially used for BIG TCP to allow the size of a merged IPv4 GSO packet on this device greater than 65536.

indexIDX

specifies the desired index of the new virtual device. The link creation fails, if the index is busy.

netns

{ PID | NETNSNAME | NETNSFILE } create the device in the network namespace associated with process PIDor the name NETNSNAMEor the file NETNSFILE.

VLAN Type Support

ip link addlinkDEVICEnameNAMEtype vlan [ protocolVLAN_PROTO ] idVLANID [ reorder_hdr { on | off } ] [ gvrp { on | off } ] [ mvrp { on | off } ] [ loose_binding { on | off } ] [ bridge_binding { on | off } ] [ ingress-qos-mapQOS-MAP ] [ egress-qos-mapQOS-MAP ]

protocolVLAN_PROTO - either 802.1Q or 802.1ad.

idVLANID - specifies the VLAN Identifier to use. Note that numbers with a leading " 0 " or " 0x " are interpreted as octal or hexadecimal, respectively.

reorder_hdr { on | off } - specifies whether ethernet headers are reordered or not (default is on).

If reorder_hdr is on then VLAN header will be not inserted immediately but only before passing to the physical device (if this device does not support VLAN offloading), the similar on the RX direction - by default the packet will be untagged before being received by VLAN device. Reordering allows one to accelerate tagging on egress and to hide VLAN header on ingress so the packet looks like regular Ethernet packet, at the same time it might be confusing for packet capture as the VLAN header does not exist within the packet.

VLAN offloading can be checked by ethtool(8):

ethtool -k <phy_dev> | greptx-vlan-offload

where <phy_dev> is the physical device to which VLAN device is bound.

gvrp { on | off } - specifies whether this VLAN should be registered using GARP VLAN Registration Protocol.

mvrp { on | off } - specifies whether this VLAN should be registered using Multiple VLAN Registration Protocol.

loose_binding { on | off } - specifies whether the VLAN device state is bound to the physical device state.

bridge_binding { on | off } - specifies whether the VLAN device link state tracks the state of bridge ports that are members of the VLAN.

ingress-qos-mapQOS-MAP - defines a mapping of VLAN header prio field to the Linux internal packet priority on incoming frames. The format is FROM:TO with multiple mappings separated by spaces.

egress-qos-mapQOS-MAP - defines a mapping of Linux internal packet priority to VLAN header prio field but for outgoing frames. The format is the same as for ingress-qos-map.

Linux packet priority can be set by iptables(8):

iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING [...] -j CLASSIFY --set-class 0:4

and this "4" priority can be used in the egress qos mapping to set VLAN prio "5":

ip link set veth0.10 type vlan egress 4:5

VXLAN Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtypevxlanidVNI [ devPHYS_DEV ] [ { group | remote } IPADDR ] [ local { IPADDR | any } ] [ ttlTTL ] [ tosTOS ] [ dfDF ] [ flowlabelFLOWLABEL ] [ dstportPORT ] [ srcportMIN MAX ] [ reserved_bitsVALUE ] [ [no]learning ] [ [no]proxy ] [ [no]rsc ] [ [no]l2miss ] [ [no]l3miss ] [ [no]udpcsum ] [ [no]udp6zerocsumtx ] [ [no]udp6zerocsumrx ] [ [no]localbypass ] [ ageingSECONDS ] [ maxaddressNUMBER ] [ [no]external ] [ gbp ] [ gpe ] [ [no]vnifilter ]

idVNI - specifies the VXLAN Network Identifier (or VXLAN Segment Identifier) to use.

devPHYS_DEV - specifies the physical device to use for tunnel endpoint communication.

groupIPADDR - specifies the multicast IP address to join. This parameter cannot be specified with the remote parameter.

remoteIPADDR - specifies the unicast destination IP address to use in outgoing packets when the destination link layer address is not known in the VXLAN device forwarding database. This parameter cannot be specified with the group parameter.

localIPADDR - specifies the source IP address to use in outgoing packets.

ttlTTL - specifies the TTL value to use in outgoing packets.

tosTOS - specifies the TOS value to use in outgoing packets.

dfDF - specifies the usage of the Don't Fragment flag (DF) bit in outgoing packets with IPv4 headers. The value inherit causes the bit to be copied from the original IP header. The values unset and set cause the bit to be always unset or always set, respectively. By default, the bit is not set.

flowlabelFLOWLABEL - specifies the flow label to use in outgoing packets.

dstportPORT - specifies the UDP destination port to communicate to the remote VXLAN tunnel endpoint.

srcportMIN MAX - specifies the range of port numbers to use as UDP source ports to communicate to the remote VXLAN tunnel endpoint.

reserved_bitsVALUE - by default the kernel rejects packets that have bits set outside of the fields required by the features enabled on the VXLAN netdevice. reserved_bits is a 64-bit quantity specifying which bits it should be possible to set in a VXLAN header. Each bit set in the value is a tolerated bit set in a packet.

[no]learning - specifies if unknown source link layer addresses and IP addresses are entered into the VXLAN device forwarding database.

[no]rsc - specifies if route short circuit is turned on.

[no]proxy - specifies ARP proxy is turned on.

[no]l2miss - specifies if netlink LLADDR miss notifications are generated.

[no]l3miss - specifies if netlink IP ADDR miss notifications are generated.

[no]udpcsum - specifies if UDP checksum is calculated for transmitted packets over IPv4.

[no]udp6zerocsumtx - skip UDP checksum calculation for transmitted packets over IPv6.

[no]udp6zerocsumrx - allow incoming UDP packets over IPv6 with zero checksum field.

[no]localbypass - if FDB destination is local, with nolocalbypass set, forward encapsulated packets to the userspace network stack. If there is a userspace process listening for these packets, it will have a chance to process them. If localbypass is active (default), bypass the kernel network stack and inject the packets into the target VXLAN device, assuming one exists.

ageingSECONDS - specifies the lifetime in seconds of FDB entries learnt by the kernel.

maxaddressNUMBER - specifies the maximum number of FDB entries.

[no]external - specifies whether an external control plane (e.g. ip route encap) or the internal FDB should be used.

[no]vnifilter - specifies whether the vxlan device is capable of vni filtering. Only works with a vxlan device with external flag set. once enabled, bridge vni command is used to manage the vni filtering table on the device. The device can only receive packets with vni's configured in the vni filtering table.

gbp - enables the Group Policy extension (VXLAN-GBP).

Allows one to transport group policy context across VXLAN network peers. If enabled, includes the mark of a packet in the VXLAN header for outgoing packets and fills the packet mark based on the information found in the VXLAN header for incoming packets.

Format of upper 16 bits of packet mark (flags);

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|D|-|-|A|-|-|-| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

D := Don't Learn bit. When set, this bit indicates that the egress VTEP MUST NOT learn the source address of the encapsulated frame.

A := Indicates that the group policy has already been applied to this packet. Policies MUST NOT be applied by devices when the A bit is set.

Format of lower 16 bits of packet mark (policy ID):

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Group Policy ID | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

Example: iptables -A OUTPUT [...] -j MARK --set-mark 0x800FF

gpe - enables the Generic Protocol extension (VXLAN-GPE). Currently, this is only supported together with the external keyword.

VETH, VXCAN Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtype { veth | vxcan } [ peernameNAME ]

peernameNAME - specifies the virtual pair device name of the VETH/VXCAN tunnel.

netkit Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtype netkit [ modeMODE ] [ scrubSCRUB ] [ POLICY ] [ peer [ scrubSCRUB ] [ POLICY ] [ NAME ] ]

modeMODE - specifies the operation mode of the netkit device with "l3" and "l2" as possible values. Default option is "l3".

scrubSCRUB - specifies the scrub behavior of the netkit device with "default" and "none" as possible values. With "default" the device zeroes the skb->{mark,priority} fields before invoking the attached BPF program when its peer device resides in a different network namespace. With "none" the device leaves clearing skb->{mark,priority} up to the BPF program. Default option is "default". Specifying scrub before the peer option refers to the primary device, after the peer option refers to the peer device.

POLICY - specifies the default device policy when no BPF programs are attached with "forward" and "blackhole" as possible values. Default option is "forward". Specifying policy before the peer option refers to the primary device, after the peer option refers to the peer device.

NAME - specifies the device name of the peer device.

IPIP, SIT Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtype { ipip | sit } remoteADDRlocalADDR [ encap { fou | gue | none } ] [ encap-sport { PORT|auto}] [encap-dportPORT ] [ [no]encap-csum ] [ [no]encap-remcsum ] [ mode { ip6ip | ipip | mplsip | any } ] [ external ]

remoteADDR - specifies the remote address of the tunnel.

localADDR - specifies the fixed local address for tunneled packets. It must be an address on another interface on this host.

encap { fou | gue | none } - specifies type of secondary UDP encapsulation. "fou" indicates Foo-Over-UDP, "gue" indicates Generic UDP Encapsulation.

encap-sport { PORT|auto}- specifies the source port in UDP encapsulation.PORT indicates the port by number, "auto" indicates that the port number should be chosen automatically (the kernel picks a flow based on the flow hash of the encapsulated packet).

[no]encap-csum - specifies if UDP checksums are enabled in the secondary encapsulation.

[no]encap-remcsum - specifies if Remote Checksum Offload is enabled. This is only applicable for Generic UDP Encapsulation.

mode{ ip6ip | ipip | mplsip | any } - specifies mode in which device should run. "ip6ip" indicates IPv6-Over-IPv4, "ipip" indicates "IPv4-Over-IPv4", "mplsip" indicates MPLS-Over-IPv4, "any" indicates IPv6, IPv4 or MPLS Over IPv4. Supported for SIT where the default is "ip6ip" and IPIP where the default is "ipip". IPv6-Over-IPv4 is not supported for IPIP.

external - make this tunnel externally controlled (e.g. ip route encap).

GRE Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtype { gre | gretap } remoteADDRlocalADDR [ [no][i|o]seq ] [ [i|o]keyKEY | no[i|o]key ] [ [no][i|o]csum ] [ ttlTTL ] [ tosTOS ] [ [no]pmtudisc ] [ [no]ignore-df ] [ devPHYS_DEV ] [ encap { fou | gue | none } ] [ encap-sport { PORT|auto}] [encap-dportPORT ] [ [no]encap-csum ] [ [no]encap-remcsum ] [ external ]

remoteADDR - specifies the remote address of the tunnel.

localADDR - specifies the fixed local address for tunneled packets. It must be an address on another interface on this host.

[no][i|o]seq - serialize packets. The oseq flag enables sequencing of outgoing packets. The iseq flag requires that all input packets are serialized.

[i|o]keyKEY | no[i|o]key - use keyed GRE with key KEY. KEY is either a number or an IPv4 address-like dotted quad. The key parameter specifies the same key to use in both directions. The ikey and okey parameters specify different keys for input and output.

[no][i|o]csum - generate/require checksums for tunneled packets. The ocsum flag calculates checksums for outgoing packets. The icsum flag requires that all input packets have the correct checksum. The csum flag is equivalent to the combination icsum ocsum .

ttlTTL - specifies the TTL value to use in outgoing packets.

tosTOS - specifies the TOS value to use in outgoing packets.

[no]pmtudisc - enables/disables Path MTU Discovery on this tunnel. It is enabled by default. Note that a fixed ttl is incompatible with this option: tunneling with a fixed ttl always makes pmtu discovery.

[no]ignore-df - enables/disables IPv4 DF suppression on this tunnel. Normally datagrams that exceed the MTU will be fragmented; the presence of the DF flag inhibits this, resulting instead in an ICMP Unreachable (Fragmentation Required) message. Enabling this attribute causes the DF flag to be ignored.

devPHYS_DEV - specifies the physical device to use for tunnel endpoint communication.

encap { fou | gue | none } - specifies type of secondary UDP encapsulation. "fou" indicates Foo-Over-UDP, "gue" indicates Generic UDP Encapsulation.

encap-sport { PORT|auto}- specifies the source port in UDP encapsulation.PORT indicates the port by number, "auto" indicates that the port number should be chosen automatically (the kernel picks a flow based on the flow hash of the encapsulated packet).

[no]encap-csum - specifies if UDP checksums are enabled in the secondary encapsulation.

[no]encap-remcsum - specifies if Remote Checksum Offload is enabled. This is only applicable for Generic UDP Encapsulation.

external - make this tunnel externally controlled (e.g. ip route encap).

IP6GRE/IP6GRETAP Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtype { ip6gre | ip6gretap } remoteADDRlocalADDR [ [no][i|o]seq ] [ [i|o]keyKEY | no[i|o]key ] [ [no][i|o]csum ] [ hoplimitTTL ] [ encaplimitELIM ] [ tclassTCLASS ] [ flowlabelFLOWLABEL ] [ dscp inherit ] [ [no]allow-localremote ] [ devPHYS_DEV ] [ external ]

remoteADDR - specifies the remote IPv6 address of the tunnel.

localADDR - specifies the fixed local IPv6 address for tunneled packets. It must be an address on another interface on this host.

[no][i|o]seq - serialize packets. The oseq flag enables sequencing of outgoing packets. The iseq flag requires that all input packets are serialized.

[i|o]keyKEY | no[i|o]key - use keyed GRE with key KEY. KEY is either a number or an IPv4 address-like dotted quad. The key parameter specifies the same key to use in both directions. The ikey and okey parameters specify different keys for input and output.

[no][i|o]csum - generate/require checksums for tunneled packets. The ocsum flag calculates checksums for outgoing packets. The icsum flag requires that all input packets have the correct checksum. The csum flag is equivalent to the combination icsum ocsum.

hoplimitTTL - specifies Hop Limit value to use in outgoing packets.

encaplimitELIM - specifies a fixed encapsulation limit. Default is 4.

flowlabelFLOWLABEL - specifies a fixed flowlabel.

[no]allow-localremote - specifies whether to allow remote endpoint to have an address configured on local host.

tclassTCLASS - specifies the traffic class field on tunneled packets, which can be specified as either a two-digit hex value (e.g. c0) or a predefined string (e.g. internet). The value inherit causes the field to be copied from the original IP header. The values inherit/STRING or inherit/00..ff will set the field to STRING or 00..ff when tunneling non-IP packets. The default value is 00.

external - make this tunnel externally controlled (or not, which is the default). In the kernel, this is referred to as collect metadata mode. This flag is mutually exclusive with the remote, local, seq, key,csum,hoplimit,encaplimit,flowlabel and tclass options.

IPoIB Type Support

ip link addDEVICEnameNAMEtype ipoib[pkey PKEY] [modeMODE]

pkeyPKEY - specifies the IB P-Key to use.

modeMODE - specifies the mode (datagram or connected) to use.

ERSPAN Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtype { erspan | ip6erspan } remoteADDRlocalADDRseq key KEYerspan_verversion[erspanIDX] [erspan_dir { ingress|egress}] [erspan_hwidhwid] [[no]allow-localremote ] [ external ]

remoteADDR - specifies the remote address of the tunnel.

localADDR - specifies the fixed local address for tunneled packets. It must be an address on another interface on this host.

erspan_verversion- specifies the ERSPAN version number.version indicates the ERSPAN version to be created: 0 for version 0 type I, 1 for version 1 (type II) or 2 for version 2 (type III).

erspanIDX- specifies the ERSPAN v1 index field.IDX indicates a 20 bit index/port number associated with the ERSPAN traffic's source port and direction.

erspan_dir { ingress|egress}- specifies the ERSPAN v2 mirrored traffic's direction.

erspan_hwidhwid- an unique identifier of an ERSPAN v2 engine within a system.hwid is a 6-bit value for users to configure.

[no]allow-localremote - specifies whether to allow remote endpoint to have an address configured on local host.

external - make this tunnel externally controlled (or not, which is the default). In the kernel, this is referred to as collect metadata mode. This flag is mutually exclusive with the remote, local, erspan_ver, erspan, erspan_dir and erspan_hwid options.

GENEVE Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtypegeneveidVNIremoteIPADDR [ ttlTTL ] [ tosTOS ] [ dfDF ] [ flowlabelFLOWLABEL ] [ dstportPORT ] [ [no]external ] [ [no]udpcsum ] [ [no]udp6zerocsumtx ] [ [no]udp6zerocsumrx ] [ innerprotoinherit ]

idVNI - specifies the Virtual Network Identifier to use.

remoteIPADDR - specifies the unicast destination IP address to use in outgoing packets.

ttlTTL - specifies the TTL value to use in outgoing packets. "0" or "auto" means use whatever default value, "inherit" means inherit the inner protocol's ttl. Default option is "0".

tosTOS - specifies the TOS value to use in outgoing packets.

dfDF - specifies the usage of the Don't Fragment flag (DF) bit in outgoing packets with IPv4 headers. The value inherit causes the bit to be copied from the original IP header. The values unset and set cause the bit to be always unset or always set, respectively. By default, the bit is not set.

flowlabelFLOWLABEL - specifies the flow label to use in outgoing packets.

dstportPORT - select a destination port other than the default of 6081.

[no]external - make this tunnel externally controlled (or not, which is the default). This flag is mutually exclusive with the id, remote, ttl, tos and flowlabel options.

[no]udpcsum - specifies if UDP checksum is calculated for transmitted packets over IPv4.

[no]udp6zerocsumtx - skip UDP checksum calculation for transmitted packets over IPv6.

[no]udp6zerocsumrx - allow incoming UDP packets over IPv6 with zero checksum field.

innerprotoinherit - use IPv4/IPv6 as inner protocol instead of Ethernet.

Bareudp Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtypebareudpdstportPORTethertypePROTO [ srcportminPORT ] [ [no]multiproto ]

dstportPORT - specifies the destination port for the UDP tunnel.

ethertypePROTO - specifies the ethertype of the L3 protocol being tunnelled. ethertype can be given as plain Ethernet protocol number or using the protocol name ("ipv4", "ipv6", "mpls_uc", etc.).

srcportminPORT - selects the lowest value of the UDP tunnel source port range.

[no]multiproto - activates support for protocols similar to the one specified by ethertype. When ethertype is "mpls_uc" (that is, unicast MPLS), this allows the tunnel to also handle multicast MPLS. When ethertype is "ipv4", this allows the tunnel to also handle IPv6. This option is disabled by default.

AMT Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtypeAMTdiscoveryIPADDRmode{gateway|relay}localIPADDRdevPHYS_DEV[relay_portPORT] [ gateway_portPORT] [ max_tunnelsNUMBER ]

discoveryIPADDR - specifies the unicast discovery IP address to use to find remote IP address.

mode { gateway | relay } - specifies the role of AMT, Gateway or Relay

localIPADDR - specifies the source IP address to use in outgoing packets.

devPHYS_DEV - specifies the underlying physical interface from which transform traffic is sent and received.

relay_portPORT - specifies the UDP Relay port to communicate to the Relay.

gateway_portPORT - specifies the UDP Gateway port to communicate to the Gateway.

max_tunnelsNUMBER - specifies the maximum number of tunnels.

MACVLAN and MACVTAP Type Support

ip link add linkDEVICEnameNAMEtype { macvlan | macvtap } mode { private | vepa | bridge | passthru [ nopromisc ] | source [ nodst ] } [ bcqueuelen { LENGTH } ] [ bclimLIMIT ]

type { macvlan | macvtap } - specifies the link type to use. macvlan creates just a virtual interface, while macvtap in addition creates a character device /dev/tapX to be used just like a tuntap device.

mode private - Do not allow communication between macvlan instances on the same physical interface, even if the external switch supports hairpin mode.

mode vepa - Virtual Ethernet Port Aggregator mode. Data from one macvlan instance to the other on the same physical interface is transmitted over the physical interface. Either the attached switch needs to support hairpin mode, or there must be a TCP/IP router forwarding the packets in order to allow communication. This is the default mode.

mode bridge - In bridge mode, all endpoints are directly connected to each other, communication is not redirected through the physical interface's peer.

modepassthru [ nopromisc ] - This mode gives more power to a single endpoint, usually in macvtap mode. It is not allowed for more than one endpoint on the same physical interface. All traffic will be forwarded to this endpoint, allowing virtio guests to change MAC address or set promiscuous mode in order to bridge the interface or create vlan interfaces on top of it. By default, this mode forces the underlying interface into promiscuous mode. Passing the nopromisc flag prevents this, so the promisc flag may be controlled using standard tools.

modesource [ nodst ] - allows one to set a list of allowed mac address, which is used to match against source mac address from received frames on underlying interface. This allows creating mac based VLAN associations, instead of standard port or tag based. The feature is useful to deploy 802.1x mac based behavior, where drivers of underlying interfaces doesn't allows that. By default, packets are also considered (duplicated) for destination-based MACVLAN. Passing the nodst flag stops matching packets from also going through the destination-based flow.

bcqueuelen { LENGTH } - Set the length of the RX queue used to process broadcast and multicast packets. LENGTH must be a positive integer in the range [0-4294967295]. Setting a length of 0 will effectively drop all broadcast/multicast traffic. If not specified the macvlan driver default (1000) is used. Note that all macvlans that share the same underlying device are using the same queue. The parameter here is a request, the actual queue length used will be the maximum length that any macvlan interface has requested. When listing device parameters both the bcqueuelen parameter as well as the actual used bcqueuelen are listed to better help the user understand the setting.

bclimLIMIT - Set the threshold for broadcast queueing. LIMIT must be a 32-bit integer. Setting this to -1 disables broadcast queueing altogether. Otherwise a multicast address will be queued as broadcast if the number of devices using it is greater than the given value.

High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR) Support

ip link add linkDEVICEnameNAMEtype hsrslave1SLAVE1-IFslave2SLAVE2-IF [interlinkINTERLINK-IF ] [supervisionADDR-BYTE ] [ version { 0 | 1 } [ proto { 0 | 1 } ]

type hsr - specifies the link type to use, here HSR.

slave1SLAVE1-IF - Specifies the physical device used for the first of the two ring ports.

slave2SLAVE2-IF - Specifies the physical device used for the second of the two ring ports.

interlinkINTERLINK-IF - The interlink device bound to the HSR network to connect SAN device(s).

supervisionADDR-BYTE - The last byte of the multicast address used for HSR supervision frames. Default option is "0", possible values 0-255.

version { 0 | 1 } - Selects the protocol version of the interface. Default option is "0", which corresponds to the 2010 version of the HSR standard. Option "1" activates the 2012 version.

proto { 0 | 1 } - Selects the protocol at the interface. Default option is "0", which corresponds to the HSR standard. Option "1" activates the Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP).

BRIDGE Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtype bridge [ ageing_timeAGEING_TIME ] [ group_fwd_maskMASK ] [ group_addressADDRESS ] [ forward_delayFORWARD_DELAY ] [ hello_timeHELLO_TIME ] [ max_ageMAX_AGE ] [ stp_stateSTP_STATE ] [ mst_enabledMST_ENABLED ] [ priorityPRIORITY ] [ no_linklocal_learnNO_LINKLOCAL_LEARN ] [ fdb_max_learnedFDB_MAX_LEARNED ] [ vlan_filteringVLAN_FILTERING ] [ vlan_protocolVLAN_PROTOCOL ] [ vlan_default_pvidVLAN_DEFAULT_PVID ] [ vlan_stats_enabledVLAN_STATS_ENABLED ] [ vlan_stats_per_portVLAN_STATS_PER_PORT ] [ mcast_snoopingMULTICAST_SNOOPING ] [ mcast_vlan_snoopingMULTICAST_VLAN_SNOOPING ] [ mcast_routerMULTICAST_ROUTER ] [ mcast_query_use_ifaddrMCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR ] [ mcast_querierMULTICAST_QUERIER ] [ mcast_hash_elasticityHASH_ELASTICITY ] [ mcast_hash_maxHASH_MAX ] [ mcast_last_member_countLAST_MEMBER_COUNT ] [ mcast_startup_query_countSTARTUP_QUERY_COUNT ] [ mcast_last_member_intervalLAST_MEMBER_INTERVAL ] [ mcast_membership_intervalMEMBERSHIP_INTERVAL ] [ mcast_querier_intervalQUERIER_INTERVAL ] [ mcast_query_intervalQUERY_INTERVAL ] [ mcast_query_response_intervalQUERY_RESPONSE_INTERVAL ] [ mcast_startup_query_intervalSTARTUP_QUERY_INTERVAL ] [ mcast_stats_enabledMCAST_STATS_ENABLED ] [ mcast_igmp_versionIGMP_VERSION ] [ mcast_mld_versionMLD_VERSION ] [ nf_call_iptablesNF_CALL_IPTABLES ] [ nf_call_ip6tablesNF_CALL_IP6TABLES ] [ nf_call_arptablesNF_CALL_ARPTABLES ]

ageing_timeAGEING_TIME - configure the bridge's FDB entries ageing time, ie the number of seconds a MAC address will be kept in the FDB after a packet has been received from that address. after this time has passed, entries are cleaned up.

group_fwd_maskMASK - set the group forward mask. This is the bitmask that is applied to decide whether to forward incoming frames destined to link-local addresses, ie addresses of the form 01:80:C2:00:00:0X (defaults to 0, ie the bridge does not forward any link-local frames).

group_addressADDRESS - set the MAC address of the multicast group this bridge uses for STP. The address must be a link-local address in standard Ethernet MAC address format, ie an address of the form 01:80:C2:00:00:0X, with X in [0, 4..f].

forward_delayFORWARD_DELAY - set the forwarding delay in seconds, ie the time spent in LISTENING state (before moving to LEARNING) and in LEARNING state (before moving to FORWARDING). Only relevant if STP is enabled. Valid values are between 2 and 30.

hello_timeHELLO_TIME - set the time in seconds between hello packets sent by the bridge, when it is a root bridge or a designated bridges. Only relevant if STP is enabled. Valid values are between 1 and 10.

max_ageMAX_AGE - set the hello packet timeout, ie the time in seconds until another bridge in the spanning tree is assumed to be dead, after reception of its last hello message. Only relevant if STP is enabled. Valid values are between 6 and 40.

stp_stateSTP_STATE - turn spanning tree protocol on (STP_STATE > 0) or off (STP_STATE == 0). for this bridge.

mst_enabledMST_ENABLED - turn multiple spanning tree (MST) support on (MST_ENABLED > 0) or off (MST_ENABLED == 0). When enabled, sets of VLANs can be associated with multiple spanning tree instances (MSTIs), and STP states for each port can be controlled on a per-MSTI basis. Note: no implementation of the MSTP protocol is provided, only the primitives needed to implement it. To avoid interfering with the legacy per-VLAN STP states, this setting can only be changed when no bridge VLANs are configured.

priorityPRIORITY - set this bridge's spanning tree priority, used during STP root bridge election. PRIORITY is a 16bit unsigned integer.

no_linklocal_learnNO_LINKLOCAL_LEARN - turn link-local learning on (NO_LINKLOCAL_LEARN == 0) or off (NO_LINKLOCAL_LEARN > 0). When disabled, the bridge will not learn from link-local frames (default: enabled).

fdb_max_learnedFDB_MAX_LEARNED - set the maximum number of learned FDB entries. If (FDB_MAX_LEARNED == 0) the feature is disabled. Default is 0. FDB_MAX_LEARNED is a 32bit unsigned integer.

vlan_filteringVLAN_FILTERING - turn VLAN filtering on (VLAN_FILTERING > 0) or off (VLAN_FILTERING == 0). When disabled, the bridge will not consider the VLAN tag when handling packets.

vlan_protocol { 802.1Q | 802.1ad } - set the protocol used for VLAN filtering.

vlan_default_pvidVLAN_DEFAULT_PVID - set the default PVID (native/untagged VLAN ID) for this bridge.

vlan_stats_enabledVLAN_STATS_ENABLED - enable (VLAN_STATS_ENABLED == 1) or disable (VLAN_STATS_ENABLED == 0) per-VLAN stats accounting.

vlan_stats_per_portVLAN_STATS_PER_PORT - enable (VLAN_STATS_PER_PORT == 1) or disable (VLAN_STATS_PER_PORT == 0) per-VLAN per-port stats accounting. Can be changed only when there are no port VLANs configured.

mcast_snoopingMULTICAST_SNOOPING - turn multicast snooping on (MULTICAST_SNOOPING > 0) or off (MULTICAST_SNOOPING == 0).

mcast_vlan_snoopingMULTICAST_VLAN_SNOOPING - turn multicast VLAN snooping on (MULTICAST_VLAN_SNOOPING > 0) or off (MULTICAST_VLAN_SNOOPING == 0).

mcast_routerMULTICAST_ROUTER - set bridge's multicast router if IGMP snooping is enabled. MULTICAST_ROUTER is an integer value having the following meaning:

0 - disabled.

1 - automatic (queried).

2 - permanently enabled.

mcast_query_use_ifaddrMCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR - whether to use the bridge's own IP address as source address for IGMP queries (MCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR > 0) or the default of 0.0.0.0 (MCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR == 0).

mcast_querierMULTICAST_QUERIER - enable (MULTICAST_QUERIER > 0) or disable (MULTICAST_QUERIER == 0) IGMP querier, ie sending of multicast queries by the bridge (default: disabled).

mcast_querier_intervalQUERIER_INTERVAL - interval between queries sent by other routers. if no queries are seen after this delay has passed, the bridge will start to send its own queries (as if mcast_querier was enabled).

mcast_hash_elasticityHASH_ELASTICITY - set multicast database hash elasticity, ie the maximum chain length in the multicast hash table (defaults to 4).

mcast_hash_maxHASH_MAX - set maximum size of multicast hash table (defaults to 512, value must be a power of 2).

mcast_last_member_countLAST_MEMBER_COUNT - set multicast last member count, ie the number of queries the bridge will send before stopping forwarding a multicast group after a "leave" message has been received (defaults to 2).

mcast_last_member_intervalLAST_MEMBER_INTERVAL - interval between queries to find remaining members of a group, after a "leave" message is received.

mcast_startup_query_countSTARTUP_QUERY_COUNT - set the number of IGMP queries to send during startup phase (defaults to 2).

mcast_startup_query_intervalSTARTUP_QUERY_INTERVAL - interval between queries in the startup phase.

mcast_query_intervalQUERY_INTERVAL - interval between queries sent by the bridge after the end of the startup phase.

mcast_query_response_intervalQUERY_RESPONSE_INTERVAL - set the Max Response Time/Maximum Response Delay for IGMP/MLD queries sent by the bridge.

mcast_membership_intervalMEMBERSHIP_INTERVAL - delay after which the bridge will leave a group, if no membership reports for this group are received.

mcast_stats_enabledMCAST_STATS_ENABLED - enable (MCAST_STATS_ENABLED > 0) or disable (MCAST_STATS_ENABLED == 0) multicast (IGMP/MLD) stats accounting.

mcast_igmp_versionIGMP_VERSION - set the IGMP version.

mcast_mld_versionMLD_VERSION - set the MLD version.

nf_call_iptablesNF_CALL_IPTABLES - enable (NF_CALL_IPTABLES > 0) or disable (NF_CALL_IPTABLES == 0) iptables hooks on the bridge.

nf_call_ip6tablesNF_CALL_IP6TABLES - enable (NF_CALL_IP6TABLES > 0) or disable (NF_CALL_IP6TABLES == 0) ip6tables hooks on the bridge.

nf_call_arptablesNF_CALL_ARPTABLES - enable (NF_CALL_ARPTABLES > 0) or disable (NF_CALL_ARPTABLES == 0) arptables hooks on the bridge.

MACsec Type Support

ip link add linkDEVICEnameNAMEtype macsec [ [ address<lladdr> ] portPORT | sciSCI ] [ cipherCIPHER_SUITE ] [ icvlen { 8..16 } ] [ encrypt { on | off } ] [ send_sci { on | off } ] [ end_station { on | off } ] [ scb { on | off } ] [ protect { on | off } ] [ replay { on | off } window { 0..2^32-1 } ] [ validate { strict | check | disabled } ] [ encodingsa { 0..3 } ]

address<lladdr> - sets the system identifier component of secure channel for this MACsec device.

portPORT - sets the port number component of secure channel for this MACsec device, in a range from 1 to 65535 inclusive. Numbers with a leading " 0 " or " 0x " are interpreted as octal and hexadecimal, respectively.

sciSCI - sets the secure channel identifier for this MACsec device. SCI is a 64bit wide number in hexadecimal format.

cipherCIPHER_SUITE - defines the cipher suite to use.

icvlenLENGTH - sets the length of the Integrity Check Value (ICV).

encrypt onorencrypt off - switches between authenticated encryption, or authenticity mode only.

send_sci onorsend_sci off - specifies whether the SCI is included in every packet, or only when it is necessary.

end_station onorend_station off - sets the End Station bit.

scb onorscb off - sets the Single Copy Broadcast bit.

protect onorprotect off - enables MACsec protection on the device.

replay onorreplay off - enables replay protection on the device.

windowSIZE - sets the size of the replay window.

validate strictorvalidate checkorvalidate disabled - sets the validation mode on the device.

encodingsaAN - sets the active secure association for transmission.

VRF Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtype vrf tableTABLE

table table id associated with VRF device

RMNET Type Support

ip link add linkDEVICEnameNAMEtype rmnet mux_idMUXID

mux_idMUXID - specifies the mux identifier for the rmnet device, possible values 1-254.

XFRM Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtype xfrm devPHYS_DEV[ if_idIF_ID][ external ]

devPHYS_DEV - specifies the underlying physical interface from which transform traffic is sent and received.

if_idIF-ID - specifies the hexadecimal lookup key used to send traffic to and from specific xfrm policies. Policies must be configured with the same key. If not set, the key defaults to 0 and will match any policies which similarly do not have a lookup key configuration.

external - make this device externally controlled. This flag is mutually exclusive with the dev and if_id options.

GTP Type Support

ip link addDEVICEtype gtp roleROLEhsizeHSIZE

roleROLE - specifies the role of the GTP device, either sgsn or ggsn

hsizeHSIZE - specifies size of the hashtable which stores PDP contexts

restart_countRESTART_COUNT - GTP instance restart counter

PFCP Type Support

For a link of type PFCP no additional arguments are supported

ip link delete - delete virtual link#

devDEVICE

specifies the virtual device to act operate on.

groupGROUP

specifies the group of virtual links to delete. Group 0 is not allowed to be deleted since it is the default group.

typeTYPE

specifies the type of the device.

ip link set - change device attributes#

Warning: If multiple parameter changes are requested, ip aborts immediately after any of the changes have failed. This is the only case when ip can move the system to an unpredictable state. The solution is to avoid changing several parameters with one ip link set call. The modifier change is equivalent to set.

devDEVICE

DEVICE specifies network device to operate on. When configuring SR-IOV Virtual Function (VF) devices, this keyword should specify the associated Physical Function (PF) device.

groupGROUP

GROUP has a dual role: If both group and dev are present, then move the device to the specified group. If only a group is specified, then the command operates on all devices in that group.

up and down

change the state of the device to UP or DOWN.

arp onorarp off

change the NOARP flag on the device.

multicast onormulticast off

change the MULTICAST flag on the device.

allmulticast onorallmulticast off

change the ALLMULTI flag on the device. When enabled, instructs network driver to retrieve all multicast packets from the network to the kernel for further processing.

promisc onorpromisc off

change the PROMISC flag on the device. When enabled, activates promiscuous operation of the network device.

trailers onortrailers off

change the NOTRAILERS flag on the device, NOT used by the Linux and exists for BSD compatibility.

protodown onorprotodown off

change the PROTODOWN state on the device. Indicates that a protocol error has been detected on the port. Switch drivers can react to this error by doing a phys down on the switch port.

protodown_reason PREASON onoroff

set PROTODOWN reasons on the device. protodown reason bit names can be enumerated under /etc/iproute2/protodown_reasons.d/. possible reasons bits 0-31

dynamic onordynamic off

change the DYNAMIC flag on the device. Indicates that address can change when interface goes down (currently NOT used by the Linux).

nameNAME

change the name of the device. This operation is not recommended if the device is running or has some addresses already configured.

txqueuelenNUMBER

txqlenNUMBER

change the transmit queue length of the device.

mtuNUMBER

change the MTU of the device.

addressLLADDRESS

change the station address of the interface.

broadcastLLADDRESS

brdLLADDRESS

peerLLADDRESS

change the link layer broadcast address or the peer address when the interface is POINTOPOINT.

netns

Some devices are not allowed to change network namespace: loopback, bridge, wireless. These are network namespace local devices. In such case ip tool will return "Invalid argument" error. It is possible to find out if device is local to a single network namespace by checking netns-local flag in the output of the ethtool:

ethtool -kDEVICE

To change network namespace for wireless devices the iw tool can be used. But it allows one to change network namespace only for physical devices and by process PID.

aliasNAME

give the device a symbolic name for easy reference.

groupGROUP

specify the group the device belongs to. The available groups are listed in /usr/share/iproute2/group or /etc/iproute2/group (has precedence if exists).

vfNUM

macLLADDRESS - change the station address for the specified VF. The vf parameter must be specified.

vlanVLANID - change the assigned VLAN for the specified VF. When specified, all traffic sent from the VF will be tagged with the specified VLAN ID. Incoming traffic will be filtered for the specified VLAN ID, and will have all VLAN tags stripped before being passed to the VF. Setting this parameter to 0 disables VLAN tagging and filtering. The vf parameter must be specified.

qosVLAN-QOS - assign VLAN QOS (priority) bits for the VLAN tag. When specified, all VLAN tags transmitted by the VF will include the specified priority bits in the VLAN tag. If not specified, the value is assumed to be 0. Both the vf and vlan parameters must be specified. Setting both vlan and qos as 0 disables VLAN tagging and filtering for the VF.

protoVLAN-PROTO - assign VLAN PROTOCOL for the VLAN tag, either 802.1Q or 802.1ad. Setting to 802.1ad, all traffic sent from the VF will be tagged with VLAN S-Tag. Incoming traffic will have VLAN S-Tags stripped before being passed to the VF. Setting to 802.1ad also enables an option to concatenate another VLAN tag, so both S-TAG and C-TAG will be inserted/stripped for outgoing/incoming traffic, respectively. If not specified, the value is assumed to be 802.1Q. Both the vf and vlan parameters must be specified.

rateTXRATE -- change the allowed transmit bandwidth, in Mbps, for the specified VF. Setting this parameter to 0 disables rate limiting. vf parameter must be specified. Please use new API max_tx_rate option instead.

max_tx_rateTXRATE - change the allowed maximum transmit bandwidth, in Mbps, for the specified VF. Setting this parameter to 0 disables rate limiting. vf parameter must be specified.

min_tx_rateTXRATE - change the allowed minimum transmit bandwidth, in Mbps, for the specified VF. Minimum TXRATE should be always <= Maximum TXRATE. Setting this parameter to 0 disables rate limiting. vf parameter must be specified.

spoofchkon|off - turn packet spoof checking on or off for the specified VF.

query_rsson|off - toggle the ability of querying the RSS configuration of a specific VF. VF RSS information like RSS hash key may be considered sensitive on some devices where this information is shared between VF and PF and thus its querying may be prohibited by default.

stateauto|enable|disable - set the virtual link state as seen by the specified VF. Setting to auto means a reflection of the PF link state, enable lets the VF to communicate with other VFs on this host even if the PF link state is down, disable causes the HW to drop any packets sent by the VF.

truston|off - trust the specified VF user. This enables that VF user can set a specific feature which may impact security and/or performance. (e.g. VF multicast promiscuous mode)

node_guideui64 - configure node GUID for Infiniband VFs.

port_guideui64 - configure port GUID for Infiniband VFs.

xdp object | pinned | off

off (or none ) - Detaches any currently attached XDP/BPF program from the given device.

objectFILE - Attaches a XDP/BPF program to the given device. The FILE points to a BPF ELF file (f.e. generated by LLVM) that contains the BPF program code, map specifications, etc. If a XDP/BPF program is already attached to the given device, an error will be thrown. If no XDP/BPF program is currently attached, the device supports XDP and the program from the BPF ELF file passes the kernel verifier, then it will be attached to the device. If the option -force is passed to ip then any prior attached XDP/BPF program will be atomically overridden and no error will be thrown in this case. If no section option is passed, then the default section name ("prog") will be assumed, otherwise the provided section name will be used. If no verbose option is passed, then a verifier log will only be dumped on load error. See also EXAMPLES section for usage examples.

sectionNAME - Specifies a section name that contains the BPF program code. If no section name is specified, the default one ("prog") will be used. This option is to be passed with the object option.

programNAME - Specifies the BPF program name that need to be attached. When the program name is specified, the section name parameter will be ignored. This option only works when iproute2 build with libbpf support.

verbose - Act in verbose mode. For example, even in case of success, this will print the verifier log in case a program was loaded from a BPF ELF file.

pinnedFILE - Attaches a XDP/BPF program to the given device. The FILE points to an already pinned BPF program in the BPF file system. The option section doesn't apply here, but otherwise semantics are the same as with the option object described already.

masterDEVICE

set master device of the device (enslave device).

nomaster

unset master device of the device (release device).

addrgenmodeeui64|none|stable_secret|random

eui64 - use a Modified EUI-64 format interface identifier

none - disable automatic address generation

stable_secret - generate the interface identifier based on a preset /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/{default,DEVICE}/stable_secret

random - like stable_secret, but auto-generate a new random secret if none is set

link-netnsid

set peer netnsid for a cross-netns interface

typeETYPE TYPE_ARGS

Change type-specific settings. For a list of supported types and arguments refer to the description of ip link add above. In addition to that, it is possible to manipulate settings to slave devices:

Bridge Slave Support

ip link set type bridge_slave [ fdb_flush ] [ stateSTATE ] [ priorityPRIO ] [ costCOST ] [ guard { on | off } ] [ hairpin { on | off } ] [ fastleave { on | off } ] [ root_block { on | off } ] [ learning { on | off } ] [ flood { on | off } ] [ proxy_arp { on | off } ] [ proxy_arp_wifi { on | off } ] [ mcast_routerMULTICAST_ROUTER ] [ mcast_fast_leave { on | off} ] [ bcast_flood { on | off } ] [ mcast_flood { on | off } ] [ mcast_to_unicast { on | off } ] [ group_fwd_mask MASK ] [ neigh_suppress { on | off } ] [ neigh_vlan_suppress { on | off } ] [ vlan_tunnel { on | off } ] [ isolated { on | off } ] [ locked { on | off } ] [ mab { on | off } ] [ backup_port DEVICE ] [ nobackup_port ] [ backup_nhid NHID ]

fdb_flush - flush bridge slave's fdb dynamic entries.

stateSTATE - Set port state. STATE is a number representing the following states: 0 (disabled), 1 (listening), 2 (learning), 3 (forwarding), 4 (blocking).

priorityPRIO - set port priority (allowed values are between 0 and 63, inclusively).

costCOST - set port cost (allowed values are between 1 and 65535, inclusively).

guard { on | off } - block incoming BPDU packets on this port.

hairpin { on | off } - enable hairpin mode on this port. This will allow incoming packets on this port to be reflected back.

fastleave { on | off } - enable multicast fast leave on this port.

root_block { on | off } - block this port from becoming the bridge's root port.

learning { on | off } - allow MAC address learning on this port.

flood { on | off } - open the flood gates on this port, i.e. forward all unicast frames to this port also. Requires proxy_arp and proxy_arp_wifi to be turned off.

proxy_arp { on | off } - enable proxy ARP on this port.

proxy_arp_wifi { on | off } - enable proxy ARP on this port which meets extended requirements by IEEE 802.11 and Hotspot 2.0 specifications.

mcast_routerMULTICAST_ROUTER - configure this port for having multicast routers attached. A port with a multicast router will receive all multicast traffic. MULTICAST_ROUTER may be either 0 to disable multicast routers on this port, 1 to let the system detect the presence of routers (this is the default), 2 to permanently enable multicast traffic forwarding on this port or 3 to enable multicast routers temporarily on this port, not depending on incoming queries.

mcast_fast_leave { on | off } - this is a synonym to the fastleave option above.

bcast_flood { on | off } - controls flooding of broadcast traffic on the given port. By default this flag is on.

mcast_flood { on | off } - controls whether a given port will flood multicast traffic for which there is no MDB entry. By default this flag is on.

mcast_to_unicast { on | off } - controls whether a given port will replicate packets using unicast instead of multicast. By default this flag is off.

group_fwd_maskMASK - set the group forward mask. This is the bitmask that is applied to decide whether to forward incoming frames destined to link-local addresses, ie addresses of the form 01:80:C2:00:00:0X (defaults to 0, ie the bridge does not forward any link-local frames coming on this port).

neigh_suppress { on | off } - controls whether neigh discovery (arp and nd) proxy and suppression is enabled on the port. By default this flag is off.

neigh_vlan_suppress { on | off } - controls whether per-VLAN neigh discovery (arp and nd) proxy and suppression is enabled on the port. When on, the bridge link option neigh_suppress has no effect and the per-VLAN state is set using the bridge vlan option neigh_suppress. By default this flag is off.

vlan_tunnel { on | off } - controls whether vlan to tunnel mapping is enabled on the port. By default this flag is off.

locked { on | off } - controls whether a port is locked or not. When locked, non-link-local frames received through the port are dropped unless an FDB entry with the MAC source address points to the port. The common use case is IEEE 802.1X where hosts can authenticate themselves by exchanging EAPOL frames with an authenticator. After authentication is complete, the user space control plane can install a matching FDB entry to allow traffic from the host to be forwarded by the bridge. When learning is enabled on a locked port, the no_linklocal_learn bridge option needs to be on to prevent the bridge from learning from received EAPOL frames. By default this flag is off.

mab { on | off } - controls whether MAC Authentication Bypass (MAB) is enabled on the port or not. MAB can only be enabled on a locked port that has learning enabled. When enabled, FDB entries are learned from received traffic and have the "locked" FDB flag set. The flag can only be set by the kernel and it indicates that the FDB entry cannot be used to authenticate the corresponding host. User space can decide to authenticate the host by replacing the FDB entry and clearing the "locked" FDB flag. Locked FDB entries can roam to unlocked (authorized) ports in which case the "locked" flag is cleared. FDB entries cannot roam to locked ports regardless of MAB being enabled or not. Therefore, locked FDB entries are only created if an FDB entry with the given {MAC, VID} does not already exist. This behavior prevents unauthenticated hosts from disrupting traffic destined to already authenticated hosts. Locked FDB entries act like regular dynamic entries with respect to forwarding and aging. By default this flag is off.

backup_portDEVICE - if the port loses carrier all traffic will be redirected to the configured backup port

nobackup_port - removes the currently configured backup port

backup_nhidNHID - the FDB nexthop object ID (see ip-nexthop(8)) to attach to packets being redirected to a backup port that has VLAN tunnel mapping enabled (via the vlan_tunnel option). Setting a value of 0 (default) has the effect of not attaching any ID.

Bonding Slave Support

ip link set type bond_slave [ queue_idID ] [ prioPRIORITY ]

queue_idID - set the slave's queue ID (a 16bit unsigned value).

prioPRIORITY - set the slave's priority for active slave re-selection during failover (a 32bit signed value). This option only valid for active-backup(1), balance-tlb (5) and balance-alb (6) mode.

MACVLAN and MACVTAP Support

ip link set type { macvlan | macvap } [ macaddrCOMMANDMACADDR... ]

Commands: add - add MACADDR to allowed list

set - replace allowed list

del - remove MACADDR from allowed list

flush - flush whole allowed list

Update the broadcast/multicast queue length.

ip link set type { macvlan | macvap } [ bcqueuelenLENGTH ] [ bclimLIMIT ]

bcqueuelenLENGTH - Set the length of the RX queue used to process broadcast and multicast packets. LENGTH must be a positive integer in the range [0-4294967295]. Setting a length of 0 will effectively drop all broadcast/multicast traffic. If not specified the macvlan driver default (1000) is used. Note that all macvlans that share the same underlying device are using the same queue. The parameter here is a request, the actual queue length used will be the maximum length that any macvlan interface has requested. When listing device parameters both the bcqueuelen parameter as well as the actual used bcqueuelen are listed to better help the user understand the setting.

bclimLIMIT - Set the threshold for broadcast queueing. LIMIT must be a 32-bit integer. Setting this to -1 disables broadcast queueing altogether. Otherwise a multicast address will be queued as broadcast if the number of devices using it is greater than the given value.

DSA user port support

ip link set type dsa [ conduitDEVICE ]

conduitDEVICE - change the DSA conduit (host network interface) responsible for handling the locally terminated traffic for the given DSA switch user port. For a description of which network interfaces are suitable for serving as conduit interfaces of this user port, please see https://docs.kernel.org/networking/dsa/configuration.html#affinity-of-user-ports-to-cpu-ports as well as what is supported by the driver in use.

masterDEVICE - this is a synonym for "conduit".

ip link show - display device attributes#

devNAME(default)

NAME specifies the network device to show.

groupGROUP

GROUP specifies what group of devices to show.

up

only display running interfaces.

down

only display not running interfaces.

masterDEVICE

DEVICE specifies the master device which enslaves devices to show.

vrfNAME

NAME specifies the VRF which enslaves devices to show.

typeTYPE

Note that the type name is not checked against the list of supported types - instead it is sent as-is to the kernel. Later it is used to filter the returned interface list by comparing it with the relevant attribute in case the kernel didn't filter already. Therefore any string is accepted, but may lead to empty output.

nomaster

only show devices with no master

novf

only show devices with no VF info

ip link xstats - display extended statistics#

typeTYPE

TYPE specifies the type of devices to display extended statistics for.

ip link afstats - display address-family specific statistics#

devDEVICE

DEVICE specifies the device to display address-family statistics for.

ip link help - display help#

TYPE specifies which help of link type to display.

GROUP#

may be a number or a string from /usr/share/iproute2/group or /etc/iproute2/group which can be manually filled and has precedence if exists.

EXAMPLES#

ip link show

ip link show type bridge

ip link show type vlan

ip link show master br0

ip link set dev ppp0 mtu 1400

ip link add link eth0 name eth0.10 type vlan id 10

ip link delete dev eth0.10

ip link help gre

ip link add name tun1 type ipip remote 192.168.1.1 local 192.168.1.2 ttl 225 encap gue encap-sport auto encap-dport 5555 encap-csum encap-remcsum

ip link set dev eth0 xdp obj prog.o

ip -force link set dev eth0 xdp obj prog.o sec foo

ip -force link set dev eth0 xdp pinned /sys/fs/bpf/foo

ip link set dev eth0 xdp off

ip link add link wpan0 lowpan0 type lowpan

ip link add dev ip6erspan11 type ip6erspan seq key 102 local fc00:100::2 remote fc00:100::1 erspan_ver 2 erspan_dir ingress erspan_hwid 17

ip link set dev swp0 type dsa conduit eth1

SEE ALSO#

ip(8), ip-netns(8), ethtool(8), iptables(8)

AUTHOR#

Original Manpage by Michail Litvak <[email protected]>