NAME
git-commit-tree - Create a new commit object
SYNOPSIS
git commit-tree\n <tree> [(-p <parent>)...]
\ngit commit-tree\n [(-p <parent>)...] [-S[<keyid>]] [(-m <message>)...]
\n
[(-F <file>)...] <tree>DESCRIPTION
This is usually not what an end user wants to run directly. See git-commit(1) instead.
Creates a new commit object based on the provided tree object and emits the new commit object id on stdout. The log message is read from the standard input, unless -m or -F options are given.
The -m and -F options can be given any number of times, in any order. The commit log message will be composed in the order in which the options are given.
A commit object may have any number of parents. With exactly one parent, it is an ordinary commit. Having more than one parent makes the commit a merge between several lines of history. Initial (root) commits have no parents.
While a tree represents a particular directory state of a working directory, a commit represents that state in "time", and explains how to get there.
Normally a commit would identify a new "HEAD" state, and while Git doesn’t care where you save the note about that state, in practice we tend to just write the result to the file that is pointed at by .git/HEAD, so that we can always see what the last committed state was.
OPTIONS
<tree>
-p <parent>
-m <message>
-F <file>
-S[<keyid>], --gpg-sign[=<keyid>], --no-gpg-sign
COMMIT INFORMATION
A commit encapsulates:
A commit comment is read from stdin. If a changelog entry is not provided via "<" redirection, git commit-tree will just wait for one to be entered and terminated with ^D.
DATE FORMATS
The GIT_AUTHOR_DATE and GIT_COMMITTER_DATE environment variables support the following date formats:
Git internal format
RFC 2822
ISO 8601
DISCUSSION
Git is to some extent character encoding agnostic.
Note that Git at the core level treats path names simply as sequences of non-NUL bytes, there are no path name encoding conversions (except on Mac and Windows). Therefore, using non-ASCII path names will mostly work even on platforms and file systems that use legacy extended ASCII encodings. However, repositories created on such systems will not work properly on UTF-8-based systems (e.g. Linux, Mac, Windows) and vice versa. Additionally, many Git-based tools simply assume path names to be UTF-8 and will fail to display other encodings correctly.
Although we encourage that the commit log messages are encoded in UTF-8, both the core and Git Porcelain are designed not to force UTF-8 on projects. If all participants of a particular project find it more convenient to use legacy encodings, Git does not forbid it. However, there are a few things to keep in mind.
[i18n]
\n
commitEncoding = ISO-8859-1Commit objects created with the above setting record the value of i18n.commitEncoding in their encoding header. This is to help other people who look at them later. Lack of this header implies that the commit log message is encoded in UTF-8.
[i18n]
\n
logOutputEncoding = ISO-8859-1If you do not have this configuration variable, the value of i18n.commitEncoding is used instead.
Note that we deliberately chose not to re-code the commit log message when a commit is made to force UTF-8 at the commit object level, because re-coding to UTF-8 is not necessarily a reversible operation.
FILES
/etc/mailname
SEE ALSO
git-write-tree(1) git-commit(1)
GIT
Part of the git(1) suite