ceil(3)

NAME#

ceil, ceilf, ceill - ceiling function: smallest integral value not less than argument

LIBRARY#

Math library (libm, -lm)

SYNOPSIS#

#include <math.h>

double ceil(double \nx\n);\n
\nfloat ceilf(float \nx\n);\n
\nlong double ceill(long double \nx\n);

ceilf(), ceill():

\n
    _ISOC99_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L
\n
        || /* Since glibc 2.19: */ _DEFAULT_SOURCE
\n
        || /* glibc <= 2.19: */ _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE

DESCRIPTION#

These functions return the smallest integral value that is not less than x.

For example, ceil(0.5) is 1.0, and ceil(-0.5) is 0.0.

RETURN VALUE#

These functions return the ceiling of x.

If x is integral, +0, -0, NaN, or infinite, x itself is returned.

ERRORS#

No errors occur.

ATTRIBUTES#

For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).

STANDARDS#

C11, POSIX.1-2008.

HISTORY#

C99, POSIX.1-2001.

The variant returning double also conforms to SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89.

SUSv2 and POSIX.1-2001 contain text about overflow (which might set errno to ERANGE, or raise an FE_OVERFLOW exception). In practice, the result cannot overflow on any current machine, so this error-handling stuff was just nonsense. (More precisely, overflow can happen only when the maximum value of the exponent is smaller than the number of mantissa bits. For the IEEE-754 standard 32-bit and 64-bit floating-point numbers the maximum value of the exponent is 127 (respectively, 1023), and the number of mantissa bits including the implicit bit is 24 (respectively, 53).) This was removed in POSIX.1-2008.

The integral value returned by these functions may be too large to store in an integer type (int, long, etc.). To avoid an overflow, which will produce undefined results, an application should perform a range check on the returned value before assigning it to an integer type.

SEE ALSO#

floor(3), lrint(3), nearbyint(3), rint(3), round(3), trunc(3)